Plum Pudding Model

Introduction

William Thomson put out the Thomson atomic model in 1900. This model provided a theoretical explanation of the description of an atom's interior structure. Sir Joseph Thomson, who had earlier made the discovery of the electron, backed it wholeheartedly.

J.J. Thomson found a negatively charged particle in a cathode ray tube experiment. In 1897, this experiment was conducted. A vacuum tube is also called cathode ray tube. The electron was the name given to the harmful particle.

Thomson thought that each atom is composed of millions of electrons and assumed that an electron is 2,000 times lighter than a proton. He took into account atoms surrounded by a cloud that had both positive and negative charges in his concept of the atomic structure. He and Rutherford also performed the X-ray demonstration of the ionization of air. They were the ones who initially showed it. The atom in Thomson's model resembles a plum pudding.

Postulates:

• An atom is made up of an electron-filled positively charged sphere.

• Because the magnitudes of the positive and negative charges are equal, an atom as a whole is electrically neutral.

A watermelon analogy is made for the Thomson atomic model. Where he thought:

• As negatively charged particles, watermelon seeds

• The watermelon's red portion is positively charged.

Limitations of Thomson’s Atomic Model:

• How the positive charge remains on the electrons inside the atom is not explained by Thomson's atomic model. Additionally, it failed to explain why an atom is stable.

• The atomic nucleus was not mentioned in the hypothesis in any way.

• Rutherford's scattering experiment could not be explained by it.

Thomson's model served as the foundation for the creation of various atomic models, despite the fact that it was not a precise representation of the atomic structure.

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